Shelter

Choosing the correct shelter is very important. There are a few vital steps to making the decision of location, material, and structural plan of the shelter.

There are a couple shelter types for each situation. For a temporary need, a lean-to would be a wonderful choice. It keeps the rain off the contents of the shelter, and also works as a wind shield. It can take from 30 minutes to an hour to put up, depending on the skill of the maker. An igloo or a wooden structure would work for more long term needs, because of the strength and durability.

When choosing the location, try and avoid dry river beds, because when it rains, the water will come rushing down the dry channel, plowing down the shelter, and either killing or injuring the person in it. Also avoid rocky mountain and avalanche areas because they could also tear down the shelter and hurt the person. Also, avoid placing a shelter in swampy or wet areas. Resting on cold ground makes the body cold, while resting on hot land makes the body hot.

Shelter materials are important. A question that needs to be asked before choosing the shelter material is, “What is the main thing that I need protection from?” it is a good idea to try and find a natural shelter, such as a cave. Small, dry areas help to insulate body heat.

Choosing the correct shelter is very important. The material, the location, and the build all help with the durability and strength of the shelter.

Clothing Materials for Cold Climates

When hiking in cold climates, multiple layers of clothing must be worn in order to stay dry, warm, and comfortable, and to make the trip enjoyable. There are a few clothing materials that would be discouraged, and some that would be welcomed for a trek on chilled land.

Cotton is one of the materials that would be discouraged. It is a natural material, and cotton is an absorber, meaning it will soak up water and sweat. Unfortunately, wet cotton doesn’t dry very quickly, keeping the body cold longer. Wool is very similar to cotton. The two items would not be very wise undergarment decisions if marching up a snowy mountain.

Some materials would be welcomed, such as a polypropylene jacket. Discovered in the year 1954, this material is water resistant. In the rain, water droplets will run off the outer layer as water runs off leaves. This type of jacket would be very agreeable on a chilly day.

Choosing the correct layers of clothing is a difficult process, but is a very important step if the interest is to keep dry and warm. Wearing mittens, a hat, and a double pair of socks would further increase the body’s warmth, making the trip comfortable and enjoyable.

Three Search and Rescue Teams

Three organizations involved in search and rescue, also known as SAR, are the Air Force Rescue Coordination Center (AFRCC), the Urban Search and Rescue (US&R), and the Mountain Rescue Association (MRA).

The Air Force Rescue Coordination Center operates on land 24 hours a day, 7 days a week.  This agency is responsible for coordinating search and rescue activities throughout the United States, Mexico, and Canada.

The Urban Search and Rescue team is responsible for a large variety of emergencies.  The US&R is needed for structural collapses, hurricanes disasters, terrorist activities, flood disasters, and technological accidents.

The Mountain Rescue Association, know as the MRA, is a SAR team dedicated to saving lives through rescue and mountain safety education.  It has become a critical team in the United States Mountain Search and Rescue.

Despite their differences, all three SAR groups mentioned above have something in common: they all work at saving lives and helping people in need.